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About Ginseng

"If the people the United States were educated as to its use, our supply of ginseng would be consumed in this country and it would be a hard blow to the medical profession."  Dr. Aurthur Harding, Ginseng Expert, 1909

About Ginseng
Different Types Of Ginseng
Components Of Ginseng
Health Benefits Of Ginseng

About Ginseng: The Plant That Hides From Man

Ginseng is one of the world's most respected, most expensive herbs.  This intriguing plant, whose value is found in its stained root, was discovered in the mountains of Northern China over 5000 years ago.  Records show that ginseng has been an integral part of Chinese medicine for over 3000 years.  In American several Indian nations revered ginseng for its curative powers and life enhancing abilities.

Ginseng, a rather ordinary looking perennial, once thrived in the woodlands of Asia and North America.  Because of its preference for cool climates, hillsides and deep forests, it became know as; the plant that hides from man.  Because of its strength-giving powers and commercial value, it has been over harvested.  There is very little wild ginseng left in the world.

Today, 99% of all ginseng is commercially grown.  Wisconsin produces approximately 90% of the ginseng grown in the United States, over 2 million pounds annually.  Ninety-five percent of this valuable crop, considered the best in the world, is exported to Asia.

American Ginseng (Panax Quinquefolium) is difficult and expensive to grow.  Ginseng seed takes two years to germinate.  Then it takes another three to four years, intense labor and a watchful eye to produce decent-size ginseng roots.  Still, once dried, these precious roots often weigh less than an ounce.  Once ginseng plants have been harvested the same plot of land can not be successfully use to grow another crop of ginseng for at least 15 years and maybe never.

Different Types of Ginseng

There are several species of ginseng.  The five most common species are:

  1. Panax Quinquefolium or American ginseng; found in North America and cultivated mainly in Wisconsin and Canada.  American ginseng, from Wisconsin, is considered the best in the world because of its rich nutrients, exceptional shape, size and color and high ginsenoside levels.  All Best American ginseng is selected from a few of Wisconsin's finest ginseng farms.
ginsengroot
  1. Panax Ginseng, C. A. Meyer; more commonly know as Korean ginseng but also called Asian and Chinese ginseng.  It is cultivated in Korea, Manchuria and China.
  2. Panax Trifolium or ground nut; found in North America. 
  3. Panax Notoginseng; found in China and known as Tien Chi ginseng.
  4. Panax Japonicum; found in Japan and called Japanese ginseng.

Siberian ginseng (elecutherococcus senticosus) is not a true ginseng.  It does not contain the active ingredients found in ginseng.  It is void of ginsenosides and is relatively inexpensive compared to American and Korean ginseng.  Research on the effectiveness of Siberian ginseng is limited.

Similarly, there's a product on the market called Wild Red American Ginseng or Red Dock (Rumex Bymenosepalus).  This plant is not ginseng nor is it related to ginseng. It is not a member of the Panax family.

Korean Red Ginseng is a true ginseng.  It is Korean ginseng that has been processed in a special way to produce a red tinge.  It is usually of high quality and has a special appeal in Asia. 

China White or Panax Notoginseng, however, is a less-valued ginseng with low potency.  It has been used to treat nose bleeds, bruises and blood problems.

American ginseng (Panax Quinquefolium) and Korea ginseng (Panax Ginseng, C. A. Meyer) are the two ginsengs that are highly valued, believed to have exceptional curative properties and offer the most health benefits.  They look alike and have very similar chemical compositions.  Their pharmacological differences are slight.  Both species have significant commercial value and are in great demand in Asia.

Components of Ginseng

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Ginseng contains a complex mixture of carbohydrate compounds, nitrogenous compounds, fat-soluble compounds, vitamins and minerals.  In the 1960's specific complex carbohydrate compounds called ginsenosides were identified and tagged as significant active ingredients.  Up to 29 different ginsenosides have been identified to date.  These compounds have chemical structures similar to human hormones and it

is believed that they may work similarly, effecting various enzyme systems at locations in the liver, kidneys, heart, brain, adrenal gland and immune system.

Best American Ginseng Co. guarantees its ginseng at the 9% ginsenoside level.  That's potent!  But the truth is our root often tests at over 11% ginsenoside levels. Today, many manufacturers promote their ginseng products by say Standardized or Standardized Ginsenosides Levels but look closely at the label.  Many products are standardized at 5%, 2% or less.  That's not very good.

Health Benefits of Ginseng

In China, ginseng is classified as a kingly herb, a mild herb with no harmful side-effects that can help the body maintain peak health.  Many Asians view ginseng as a regenerative elixir that, if taken over a period of time, can not only increase health and vitality, but can also prolong life.  It is believed that ginseng makes the body more resistant to disease, prevents decline in potency in older men, restores virility, increases general vitality, negates some of the effects of stress and gives seriously ill patients strength, energy and stamina. 

While most evidence of ginseng's effectiveness is more suggestive than conclusive, it does appear that ginseng helps facilitate metabolic equilibrium.  Russian research shows that ginseng:

  • stimulates physical and mental activities in tired and weak individuals.
  • strengthens and protects the human organism when under prolonged strain.
  • stimulates and improves the working of the brain without the effects of a stimulant.
  • increases energy and physical endurance.
  • stimulates the functioning of the endocrine glands, including the sex organs.

Naturally, there has been a great deal of research done in Asia on ginseng and its many components.  Some quality research done in China, Japan and Korea suggests that ginseng:

  • reduces fatigue and increases stamina.
  • helps the formation of red blood cells and helps to eliminate anemia.
  • improves mental conditions and helps prevent neuroses.
  • increases the secretion of body fluids and helps prevent diabetes.
  • normalizes pulmonary functions, preventing coughing, tuberculosis and asthma.
  • strengthens the gastrointestinal system and can help facilitate liver regeneration.
  • detoxifies poisons, enhances blood alcohol clearance and reduces the effect of alcohol intoxication and helps eliminate hangovers.

In America, ginseng is being used to increase vitality, raise energy levels, improve athletic performance, build stamina and treat certain health problems.  Researchers are investigating claims that ginseng can help adjust blood pressure, reduce blood sugar and may be advantageous in the treatment of cancers, tuberculosis, diarrhea, kidney degeneration, rheumatism, shock and depression.

Some quality research has shown that specific ginsenosides can stimulate the brain, sedate the central nervous system, balance certain metabolic processes, improve muscle tone, stimulate the endocrine system and help balance hormone levels.  Research also suggests ginsenosides may be anti-tumor and anti-viral. 

Although ginseng is not a drug or a stimulant, many who use it, agree that if taken for a period of time, ginseng can increase feelings of well being, relieve fatigue and weak conditions and strengthen body functions.  Reputable studies in Japan and the United States have shown that ginseng may help reduce cell damage, thus, help counteract age-related changes.

If you would like to learn more about the health benefits of ginseng, we recommend the book: The Healing Powers of Ginseng and Tonic Herbs by Paul Bergner.

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